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iz2obs

oltre 100 messaggi sul Forum

Inserito il - 31/10/2011 : 18:47:47

Ciao a tutti,

Qualche anima pia mi aiuta con l'accoppiata MD100 & Flex 3k? Quali settaggi usare nel menu di Powersdr per avere più ... presenza? Ho come l'impressione che il modulato non sia eccezionale lasciando il setting di default.
Buona domenica.

73*s

Modificato da - iz2obs in Data 29/11/2011 20:04:02

Firma di iz2obs

73*s de Raffaele - ARI Cernusco s/N (MI) - IQ2CU
Gli uomini passano, le idee restano. Restano le loro tensioni morali e continueranno a camminare sulle gambe di altri uomini.

Regione Lombardia ~ Prov.: Milano ~ Città: Milano ~ Messaggi: 159 ~ Membro dal: 10/05/2008 ~ Ultima visita: 06/02/2024

iz2obs

oltre 100 messaggi sul Forum

Inserito il - 29/11/2011 : 20:02:41

Ho trovato un articolo di Rob W1AEX che ci aiuta a settare al meglio la fonia con powersdr. E' in inglese ma non credo che possa rappresentare un ostacolo. Il testo che riporto è stato estrapolato da questo link http://flexradiowiki.com/frsradoiow...le=Main_Page.
Buona lettura e 73

Setting Audio Gain
Article from Rob W1AEX

I have encountered lots of Flex/SDR users on the air who sound great in every voice mode. However, it's not uncommon to hear stations who seem to have a lot of grit, distortion, and harshness in their audio in all the voice modes. As it turns out, many of these stations are completely unaware of the multi-function TX meter and how to use it to correctly set the audio gain distribution throughout the Power SDR audio chain. It's not unusual to find that one of the stages is inadvertently running at maximum gain while another stage is set near the minimum to compensate. This can invoke strange events such as ringing in the audio, distortion, and aggressive ALC action with pumping and audio artifacts. I certainly don't know everything there is to know about squeezing the most out of the audio functions in Power SDR, but I did find that balancing the gain from start to finish has brought very satisfactory results for me and a number of others who were becoming very frustrated. Pages 77 and 78 of the 2.x.x Power SDR manual "sort of" infer the information given below, but I have found that many users are completely unaware of any audio level settings beyond the front panel Mic slider. Hopefully the steps below will help someone to avoid a disappointing result when they start to transmit!

1. Connect the Flex to a 50 ohm dummy load and select one of the voice modes in Power SDR. Make sure that you have a TX profile selected that has your bandwidth set as you deem appropriate for the phone mode you are using.

2. If you have either the "DX" or "Compander" button selected on the front panel of Power SDR, unselect it now.

3. The "Mic" slider on the Power SDR front panel GUI is scaled from 0 to 70. Place it at the mid-point value of 35.

4. In the upper right corner of the Power SDR interface use the TX dropdown in the meter to select "Mic". This allows you to view the level of the first audio stage of your Flex.

5. From the dropdown menus along the top left edge of the Power SDR interface, select "Mixer" and position it on your desktop so you can access it easily. With the Flex connected to a dummy load, key the transceiver and speak into the microphone at the voice level you typically use on the air. Observe the TX meter "Mic" level and adjust your level up or down with the "Mic" input level slider (or the slider for whichever input you are using) in the Mixer so that the maximum peaks reach no more than -2 dBm.

6. Now set the TX meter to "EQ". This allows you to view the level of your second audio stage. From the dropdown menus along the top left of the Power SDR interface, select "Equalizer" and position it on your desktop so that you can access the Transmit Equalizer easily. I would suggest that you enable the 10 band equalizer function at this time, if you have not already done so.

7. Observe the TX meter "EQ" level as you speak into the microphone and adjust the "Preamp" slider in the EQ interface so that your maximum peaks reach no more than -2 dBm.

8. Set the TX meter to Leveler. Open up the PSDR tab for DSP and go to the AGC/ALC settings page. As you transmit and speak into the mic, adjust the "Leveler" setting upward or downward from the default setting of 5 but make sure that peaks on the TX meter do not exceed 0 dBm. You can further adjust the attack/decay/hang times if the Leveler is not responding quickly enough, or if it seems slow to release. This is largely trial and error, but I found the default decay and hang times to be too long, and reducing them smoothed things so that there was no audible pumping or excessive periods of gain reduction. (Pages 156 - 157 of the PowerSDR 2.x manual provide more details)

9. Set the TX meter to ALC. Open up the PSDR tab for DSP and go to the AGC/ALC settings page. Apply audio and observe that the maximum level of peaks does not exceed 0 dBm. If everything in the preceding stages has been set correctly, you should see that your maximum peaks will end up between -5 dBm and -1 dBm. You can also adjust the attack/decay/hang times of the ALC if you see a peak sneaking through now and then. Again, I found that by reducing the decay and hang times in small steps I could find a setting that resulted in smooth audio without pumping or extended periods of gain reduction. If your ALC levels are exceeding 0 dBm on any peaks, reduce your "Mic" level by using the slider on the Power SDR front panel GUI.

10. When you have finished, your audio should sound smooth and clean. If your transmitted frequency response is not to your liking, the 10 band TX equalizer built into Power SDR works very well and is more than capable of making up for deficiencies in whatever microphone you have selected. Always remember that after you EQ your audio, you should go back through the steps to compensate for any changes in gain.

11. When you get all done with your adjustments, don't forget to save them in a TX profile! Each TX profile saves its own bandwidth filter settings, front panel Mic setting, DX-Compander setting, EQ preamp level with either the 3 or 10 band adjustments, Leveler setting, AGC/ALC attack and decay, and RF transmit level. If you don't save your settings, they will be instantly lost when you switch TX profiles! To save a profile, from the dropdown menus along the top left edge of the Power SDR interface, select "Setup". From the available tabs that are displayed, select "Transmit". On the "Transmit" tab, in the upper left side, find the box named "Profiles". Select the "Save" button and this will bring up a dialog box that will allow you to save your new profile with a unique name. I usually select a name that identifies the mode and bandwidth for which the profile was created, but you can use whatever system works best for you.

Summary: When your levels are set correctly throughout the audio chain, engaging reasonable levels of the Compander or the DX function should result in a very significant loudness difference in your signal, without invoking the ALC or producing any signs of ringing or distortion. It's possible to produce very clean and beautifully balanced audio with the Flex and as long as the gain is set correctly at each stage, it should sound smooth and natural.

Using a cheap electret condenser mic, made from a $2.79 Radio Shack element and a few resistors and capacitors, plugged right into the front panel mic connector of my Flex 5000A, I have received many unsolicited compliments about the audio generated by the Power SDR audio chain. The short MP3 file at the link below of my "naked Flex 5K" was sent to me by Jeff - W2NBC, who was tuning by one winter afternoon as I was running AM on 75 meters. I don't think there's any other multi-mode rig out there that can touch the Flex!

Postscript by K0DAN

Rob has beautifully nailed the Flex audio optimization methodology! The following are a few Flex subtleties which the user may wish to review prior to following Rob's excellent flowchart. There are some pitfalls I have stumbled into and hope I can spare you the bother of climbing out of the pit! Many thanks to Rob W1AEX for doing all the legwork and making this complex process rather easy!

Before starting Rob's excellent methodology, the user may wish to review the following preliminary steps.

a) User should determine if MIC BOOST (Setup/Audio/Primary) is necessary for each particular microphone. MIC BOOST may be necessary to accomplish Step 3, i.e. achieving mid-point value around 35.

b) Confirm that you have the proper AUDIO MIXER INPUT. If you're using a balanced mic on the rear panel, you need to select BAL LINE IN; if you're using the front panel input select MIC. Remember to set levels here in the mixer (if in doubt, set the sliders to mid-range).

c) Remember that these changes relate to each transmit profile you create...be sure to SAVE each profile after you make changes(Setup/Transmit/Expert) and SAVE under "Profiles".

d) Remember that each profile needs to be created from scratch, OR select a known good profile, such as one of the Flex defaults (with basic settings saved to your liking), and then SAVE & RENAME the profile to a new name. Then go back and change TX filter bandwidths, and adjust your audio levels, and again SAVE the profile!

e) If you're starting the audio optimization process, disable the Downward Expander, Compander, and DX Compression. Turn off all the frills, and once you have the audio optimized, then you can enable & adjust these final features...again, remember to SAVE the active profile.

f) After (and during) audio optimization, listen to your signal on a companion receiver or on headphones using the MONITOR function. Make sure all the normal ambient noise in your hamshack (fans, revving motorcycle engines, crying babies, howling dogs) are present, then adjust the Downward Expander so the background noise is "squelched out" but your normal speaking voice (into the microphone) is above the threshold of the expander. Make sure your voice is not clipped by too tight a setting. In most cases you'll be able to reduce the background noise in the shack, yet achieve full modulation when speaking into the mic.

g) While you're adjusting the EQ and trying out other transmit audio settings it's extremely helpful to monitor yourself on a companion receiver (if you have a Flex 5K with R2, that is ideal) or on headphones using the MONITOR feature. MAKE SURE the receiver filter settings in the companion receiver are consistent with your transmit filter settings (if talking wide, listen wide; if talking narrow, listen both wide & narrow). You may be distracted by some processing delay or feedback, but the key is to hear what your voice sounds like, and to achieve a strong, natural sound, without it sounding overly processed or distorted. After you have settings which you like, ask a friend who knows your voice to listen to you on the air (a good signal and quiet band is necessary) and honestly critique your audio.

h) When setting up profiles for SSB and AM, select TX filter bandwidths that are spectrum courteous and appropriate for the mode and current band conditions. There is no hard & fast rule on what to use, but for DX SSB a good starting point might be low of 200-300 Hz, high of 2700-2900 Hz; for SSB ragchew a low of 100 Hz, high of 3400-3600 Hz; for AM low of 0-100 Hz, high of 6000-8000 Hz. Your mileage may vary, and you'll only know what's good when you receive honest & objective audio reports back. Another point to remember: if the buddy who's critiquing your audio has his receive filters set very narrow, he will not be able to objectively critique your audio. If, for example, you have a 2.4 kHz transmit profile for DX, then your buddy on the other end needs to listen to you at, say, 2.2, 2.4,...up to maybe 3.0 kHz and evaluate. On the other hand if you have a glorious wideband hifi SSB profile set up for 3.5 or 4.0 kHz, your buddy can't give you an objective opinion if he's using his 2.2 kHz DX filters. His receiver needs to be set to something close to what your transmit filters are set for, otherwise your audio comparisons are "apples and oranges"!

i) If you use the 10 band Transmit Equalizer, note the preamp slider on the left edge of the equalizer. After you peak or notch several frequency bands, remember to adjust the preamp level so the EQ output is consistent with your audio chain. If in doubt, a mid-range setting is a good starting point.

73 K0DAN

DSP Section Added on 10-June-2011 by W4TME (Tim)

There is one last control that you need to be aware of for setting good TX audio and that is the Phone DSP buffer found in Setup->DSP->Options.

There is a sampling rate / buffer size relationship that defines the sharpness of the DSP filter skirts. The lower the sampling rate and the larger the DSP buffer, the sharper the skirts. You probably want sharp filter skirts for RX, but on TX, the sharp skirts can make your audio sound harsh and reduce "warmth". After setting your audio by the procedure above, listen to yourself in a second receiver and change the Phone TX DSP buffer to a smaller size to observe the effects.

I normally use the following DSP Phone TX buffer:

SR=192 KHz / Phone TX DSP buffer=2048

SR=96 KHz / Phone TX DSP buffer=1024

SR=48 KHz / Phone TX DSP buffer=1024 or 512

Firma di iz2obs

73*s de Raffaele - ARI Cernusco s/N (MI) - IQ2CU
Gli uomini passano, le idee restano. Restano le loro tensioni morali e continueranno a camminare sulle gambe di altri uomini.

Regione Lombardia ~ Prov.: Milano ~ Città: Milano ~ Messaggi: 159 ~ Membro dal: 10/05/2008 ~ Ultima visita: 06/02/2024

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